A fresh start

Following the Potsdam Agreement [of 2 August 1945], the Allies had decided to break up I.G. Farben into 50 smaller units. In November, a German team of experts comprising six leading industrialists and bankers was appointed to assist with the ‘break-up’.

They proposed splitting the group into 22 units and forming three core companies to ensure competitiveness on the international market.

By the end of 1951, the German ‘dismantlers’ had finally achieved their goal: ‘Farbenwerke Höchst AG’ [Hoechst], ‘Farbenfabriken Bayer AG’ [Bayer] and ‘Badische Anilin- und Sodafabrik AG’ [BASF] had been newly established; six months later, nine further smaller groups followed. Most of these were then quickly divided up between the three major companies. When the completion of the I.G. Farben break-up was announced in the spring of 1953, only two of the nine smaller companies remained independent: “Chemische Werke Hüls GmbH” and “Casella Farbwerke AG”. Shortly afterwards, Casella and 28% of the shares in Chemische Werke Hüls passed into the ownership of Bayer. But there was also “I.G. Farben AG in Liquidation” [I.G. Farben AG i.L.].

When the first post-war general meeting of I.G. Farben was held on 25 May 1955, it was possible to take stock of developments over the previous 10 years:

Just over half of the former I.G. Farben assets were located in the GDR. There was therefore no way of accessing this part of the assets. The reorganisers had no choice but to establish ‘guardianships in absentia’ and wait for reunification.

Less than 10% of the assets in the West had to be sold. By providing the successor companies with sufficient share capital, over 90% of the assets were invested in the successor companies and thus returned to the hands of the founding firms.

A small portion of the assets was still in the possession of the old I.G. This served as start-up capital for a group called “I.G. Farben AG in Liquidation”, which set itself the task of regaining possession of the foreign assets that had been seized after the end of the war.

The shareholders were entirely satisfied.[1] In the largest securities transaction in Germany, their shares in the old I.G. were converted into corresponding shares in the successor companies. In addition, so-called “liquidation share certificates”, i.e. shares in the residual assets of the old I.G., were issued. The shareholders of the successor companies are thus identical to the shareholders of the old I.G.[2]


Notes

[1] Evidence for this assumption?

[2] Here, one could for the first time accuse the poster’s authors of a blanket assumption of continuity.


References

The references are taken from the accompanying booklet/reader on which the texts of the posters are based.


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