Professor for high-temperature processes in metallurgy
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Alexandros Charitos
Institute of Nonferrous Metallurgy and High-Purity Materials
Leipziger Straße 34, Ledebur-Bau, Room E 05
09599 Freiberg
Phone +49 3731 39-2303
alexandros [dot] charitos [at] inemet [dot] tu-freiberg [dot] de (alexandros[dot]charitos[at]inemet[dot]tu-freiberg[dot]de)
My field of expertise is energy and metallurgical process engineering.
During my career I have gained academic and industrial experience with regard to an array of processes such as: roasting of sulfide concentrates and ores in the context of (Zn, Cu, Co, Ni, Au production), calcination (e.g. for alumina production), combustion, gasification and CO2 capture processes.
My research interests include: Slag valorization processes, H2 reduction in metallurgical process and its implications, utilization of alternative energy sources in metallurgical processes such as microwave heating and concentrated solar power, tackling of impurities in the production of copper (e.g. As) both with pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical methods, recycling processes, the study of fundamentals with regard to fluidized bed furnaces, Top Submerged Lance Smelting and Electric Arc Furnaces (in conjunction with ferroalloys) and development of dynamic models that link fundamentals and process digitalisation.
My vision is to contribute to innovative, zero-waste metallurgical processes in the context of a true circular economy.
Curriculum vitae
Time period | Station |
---|---|
since 2023 | Member of the Presidium of the GDMB |
since 2020 | Institute Director Institute of Nonferrous Metallurgy and Ultrapure Materials (INEMET), TU Bergakademie Freiberg |
2020 - 2023 | Associate Professor at the Department of Mining and Materials, McGill University, Montreal, Canada |
since 2020 | Univ. Professor of High Temperature Processes in Metallurgy, Institute of Nonferrous Metallurgy and Ultrapure Materials (INEMET), TU Bergakademie Freiberg |
2019 - 2020 | Assistant Professor at the Department of Mining and Materials, McGill University, Montreal, Canada |
2015 - 2018 | Head Product Engineer at Outotec GmbH & Co.KG, Oberursel, Germany |
2011 - 2015 | Product Engineer at Outotec GmbH & Co.KG, Oberusel, Germany (metallurgical plant design and commissioning) |
2005 - 2012 | PhD at the Institute of Combustion and Power Plant Technology (IFK) at the University of Stuttgart (grade: Summa Cum Laude) |
2005 - 2011 | Scientific assistant at the Institute of Combustion and Power Plant Engineering (IFK) at the University of Stuttgart |
1999 - 2004 | Dipl.-Ing. in Mechanical Engineering at the National Technical University of Athens (NTUA, Greece) |
Main areas of research
- Metallurgical processes and refining
- Recycling of slags and waste streams - zero-waste processes
- Melting salt electrolysis in connection with magnetic recycling/ Nd and Nd alloy production
- H2 injection as fuel and reducing agent in metallurgy (in shaft furnaces, fluidised bed reactors and top-submerged lance reactors (TSL))
- Metallurgical fluidised beds
- Argon and H2 plasma burner injection in molten phase processes
- PGM chemistry - hydrometallurgical processes hydrometallurgical processes
- Hydrometallurgical and pyrometallurgical removal of arsenic from copper concentrates
- Green chemicals in hydrometallurgy and aqueous electrochemistry
- Experimental modelling of smelting fluxes and crystal growth
Projects
- 3 medium/large industrial projects that cannot be named
- CRUSADE: Recycling technologies for end-of-life vehicle components to create a sustainable source of marketable materials for the EU (Horizon Europe), 2024-2027
- K1-MET II: Technologies for non-ferrous metals (K1-MET, Austria), 2023-2027
- Mini-ROXY: Mini-ROXY ground test campaign to prepare a lunar ISRU demonstration TP 2: Freiberg University of Technology (BMWK), 2023-2025
- HARMONY: Holistic approach to improve the recyclability of rare earth permanent magnets extracted from any waste stream (Horizon Europe), 2024-2027)
- GrInHy 3.0: Green industrial hydrogen by high-temperature vapour electrolysis in a steel mill environment; sub-project: Experimental development of closed-loop processes and life cycle assessment (LCA) of SOEC stacks (BMWK), 2023-2027
- CarboFuel: Recycling of carbon fibre reinforced composites in pyrometallurgical oxide systems (EEW- Industrieförderung), 2023-2027
- RecRef: Refractory recycling: a contribution to raw material, energy and climate efficiency in high-temperature processes, (DFG-Graduiertenkolleg 2802), 2023-2031
- KlimaZinn: Biogenic waste, biogenic fuels and green hydrogen replace fossil fuels in tin metallurgy, (Deutsche Bundesstiftung Umwelt), 2023-2026
- Mine.io: A holistic digital Mining 4.0 ecosystem, (Horizon-Europe), 2023-2026
- REESilienz: Resilient and sustainable REE supply chains for critical raw materials for the ecosystems and strategic sectors of e-mobility and renewable energies, (Horizon Europe), 2023-2026
- GreenTin: Development of a hydrometallurgical process for the extraction of tin from Saxon tin ores, (Dr. Erich-Krüger-Stiftung), 2023-226
- ReLiFe: Recycling of lithium ferrophosphate in the RIS area, (EIT Raw Materials No. 22020), 2023-2025
- Marsch: Online material classification using radar of slags, (BMBF-KMU-innovativ), 2023-2024
- PurCo: Purification of copper (melt filtration), Federal Ministry of Education and Research, (BMBF junior research group), 2022-2026
- ReLi-ion2022.ReLi-ion: Innovation transfer and B2B collaboration on Li-ion battery recycling, (EIT Raw Materials No. 21113), 2022-2024
- ALCASIM: Advanced LCA based on process and thermodynamics simulation, (EIT Raw Materials No. 21093), 2022-2024
- DysCovery: Sustainable REE and co-supply through magnetic recycling: closing the loop, (EIT Raw Materials No. 21028), 2022-2024
- EEW Utilisation of Dust (VerSt): Rapid Scale Up to Zero-Waste Process, (sponsored by EEW Energy from Waste GmbH), 2021-2024
- Alternative Fibre Materials based on Copper Slags, Sächsische Aufbau Bank (SAB No. 100397513), 2020-2023
- RECYCALYSE: New sustainable and recyclable catalytic materials for proton exchange membrane electrolysers, EU project (Horizon 2020 No. 861960), 2020-2023
- Project P2.1: Non-ferrous metal technologies, (K1-MET - Competence Centre for Excellent Technologies in Advanced Metallurgical and Ecological Process Development), 2019-2023
- CLIENT II - Joint project ReAK: Reduction of arsenic from copper concentrates - sub-project: sulphides and microbiological leaching, (BMBF 033R205B), 2019-2023
- RecEOL: Recycling of end-of-life products - sub-project: metallurgical refinement, (ERAMIN-2- BMBF 033RU008A), 2018-2021
Awards and honours
- Member of the Scientific Committee of the European Metallurgical Conference (EMC 2023)
- Chair of the Plenary Session, Chair of the Thematic Session at the European Metallurgical Conference (EMC 2023)
- Session Coordination FIRE e.V., TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Freiberg, Germany, 2021
- Session organisation and coordination of four sessions at the 72. BHT Freiberg University Forum, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Freiberg, Germany
- Organisation of sessions at the European Metallurgical Conference 2021, online
- Outotec Technology Award 2015 (for participation in a team, that commissioned an industrial metallurgical plant - roasting plant for the removal of arsenic from copper concentrates
- Gerlinger Foundation Prize of the University of Stuttgart 2014 (for work related to the dissertation)
- Session coordination at the Fluidised Bed Conference, Naples, Italy, 2012
Publications since March 2020 (appointment of the professorship at TUBAF)
2023
- Schmidt, A.; Montenegro, V.; Charitos, A.; Reuter, M.; Stelter, M.; Richter, A.: CFD Simulation of SO3 formation in an industrial-scale copper smelting waste heat boiler. ERZMETALL (2023), reprinted from the EMC2023 conference article.
- Gumban, C.J.; Hubalkova, J.; Neumann, M.; Werzner, E.; Charitos, A.; Aneziris, C.G.; Vogt. C.: Thermal shock resistance of industrial foam filters-a comparative study. Open Ceramics (2023) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceram.2023.100463
- Weigelt, C.; Yaroshevskyi, S.; Kerber, F.; Bracholad, N.; Zienert, T.; Adamczyk, A.; Vogt, D.; Charitos, A.; Aneziris, C.G.: Investigations on the corrosion of 316L steel composite materials with MgO/TiO2 ceramic immersed in molten cryolite. Open Ceramics (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceram.2023.100480
- Kandalam, A.; Reuter, M.; Stelter, M.; Reinmöller, M.; Gräbner, M.; Richter, A.; Charitos, A.: A Review of Top-Submerged Lance (TSL) Processing-Part I: Plant and Reactor Engineering. Metals (2023). https://doi.org/10.3390/met13101728
- Kandalam, A.; Reuter, M.; Stelter, M.; Reinmöller, M.; Gräbner, M.; Richter, A.; Charitos, A.: A Review of Top Submerged Lance (TSL) Processing-Part II: Thermodynamics, Slag Chemistry and Plant Flowsheets. Metals (2023). https://doi.org/10.3390/met13101742
- Gumban, C.G.; Hubalkova, J.; Fankhänel B.; Charitos, A.; Aneziris, C.G.; Vogt. C.: Wetting properties and chemical interactions of copper with industrial filter materials. Ceramics International (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2023.07.092
- Blenau, L.W.; Sander, S.A.H.; Fuhrmann, S.; Charitos, A.: Holistic valorisation of fayalitic slag to glass fibres and pig iron. Journal of Cleaner Production (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.137990
- Otgonbayar, U.; Sandig-Predzymirska, L., Thiere, A.: Charitos, A.: Process development for the separation of Pt, Ru and Ir by solvent extraction. ERZMETALL (2023), reprinted from the EMC2023 conference article.
- Kubiak, A.; Pajewska-Szmyt, M.; Kotula, M.; Lesniewski, B.; Voronkina, A.Rahimi, P.; Falahi, S.; Heimler, K.; Rogoll, A.; Vogt, C.; Ereskovsky, A.; Simon, P.; Langer, E.; Springer, A.; Förste, M.; Charitos, A.; Joseph, Y.; Jesionowski, T.; Herrmann, E.: Spongin as a Unique 3D Template for the Development of Functional Iron-Based Composites Using Biomimetic Approach In Vitro. Marine Drugs (2023). https://doi.org/10.3390/md21090460
- Blenau, L.W.; Vogt. D.; Lonski, O.; Abuzar, A.; Fabrichnaya, O.; Charitos, A.: Development of a Process to Recycle NdFeB Permanent Magnets Based on the CaO-Al2O3-Nd2O3 Slag System. Processes (2023). https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11061783
- Schmidt A.; Guy, B.M., Montenegro, V.; Reuter, M.; Charitos, A.; Stelter, M.; Richter A.: Flue Dust Reactions and Sticking Mechanisms in a Copper Flash Smelting Furnace Waste Heat Boiler: A Sampling Study. Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40831-023-00691-4
- Ilatovskaia, M.; Lonski, O.; Löffler, M.; Blenau, L.; Charitos, A.; Fabrichnaya, O.: Phase Relations in the CaO-Nd2O3-Al2O3 System in Application for Rare Earth Recycling. JOM (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-023-05731-8
- Felkl, L.; Stelter, M.; Charitos, A.: Comparative study on the reduction of copper refining slag by metallic reducing agents. Proceedings of the European Metallurgical Conference (EMC2023) (2023), Düsseldorf, Germany
- Schmidt, A.; Montenegro, V.; Charitos, A.; Reuter, M.; Stelter, M.; Richter, A.: CFD Simulation of SO3 formation in an industrial-scale copper smelting waste heat boiler. Proceedings of the European Metallurgical Conference (EMC2023) (2023), Düsseldorf, Germany
- Voigt, C.; Gumban, C.G.; Hubalkova, J.; Fankhänel, B.; Charitos, A.; Aneziris, C.G.: Interactions between copper melt and industrial filter materials. Proceedings of the European Metallurgical Conference (EMC2023) (2023), Düsseldorf, Germany
- Carneiro, G.; Charitos, A.; Bier, T.; Waida, S.: Valorisation of waste to energy plant fly ash to a valuable resource material. Proceedings of the European Metallurgical Conference (EMC2023) (2023), Düsseldorf, Germany
- Blenau, L.W.; Lonski, O.; Abrar, A.; Vogt, D.; Fabrichnaya, O.; Stelter, M.; Charitos, A.: Pyrometallurgical Recycling of NdFeB Permanent Magnets though Slag Design. Proceedings of the European Metallurgical Conference (EMC2023) (2023), Düsseldorf, Germany
- Otgonbayar, U.; Sandig-Predzymirska, L., Thiere, A.: Charitos, A.: Process development for the separation of Pt, Ru and Ir by solvent extraction. Proceedings of the European Metallurgical Conference (EMC2023) (2023), Düsseldorf, Germany
- Felkl, L.; Schwedler, O., Charitos, A.: Influence of the enrichment of natural gas with hydrogen on the hydrogen solubility of different copper phases and the heat balance. Proceedings of the METAL 2023 conference (2023), Brno, Czech Republic.
2022
- Gumban, C. G.; Hubálková, J.; Fankhänel, B.; Charitos, A.; Aneziris, C. G.; Voigt, C.: Wettability of Copper on Industrial Filter Materials. Proceedings of the Copper Alloys 2022 conference (2022), Düsseldorf, Germany. https://kupfer.de/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Proceedings-Copper-Alloys-2022-2.pdf
- Meiner, K.; Khulan, B.; Weigelt, A.; Thiere, A.; Vogt, D.; Stelter, M.; Kassahun, A.; Meima, J.; Charitos, A.: Investigations on the selective arsenic reduction from copper concentrates by alkaline sulfide leaching and arsenic precipitation. Proceedings of the 22nd International Copper Conference (Copper 2022), Santiago de Chile, Chile.
- Schmidt, A.; Montenegro, V.; Charitos, A.; Reuter, M.; Stelter, M.; Richter, A: CFD model on dust sulphatisation and accretion formation in an industrial-scale copper flash smelting furnace waste heat boiler. Proceedings of the 22nd International Copper Conference (Copper 2022), Santiago de Chile, Chile.
- Blenau, L.; Sander, S.; Fuhrmann, S.; Charitos, A.: Valorisation of copper slag: Zero-Waste Production of Pig Iron and Glass Fibers. Proceedings of the 22nd International Copper Conference (Copper 2022), Santiago de Chile, Chile.
- Felkl, L.; Stelter, M.; Charitos, A.: Modelling and experimental investigation concerning the reduction of a "black copper smelter" anode furnace slag and the production of a copper-rich alloy. Proceedings of the 22nd International Copper Conference (Copper 2022), Santiago de Chile, Chile.
- Florian, B.; Förste, M.; Dadzis, K.; Tsiapkinis, I.; Pätzold, O.; Charitos, A.; Dues, M.; Czarske, J.; Büttner, L.: Application of optical velocity measurements including a novel calibration technique for micron-resolution to investigate the gas flow in a model experiment for crystal growth. Flow Meas Instrum. (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2022.102258
- Schmidt, A.; Montenegro, V.; Reuter, M; Charitos, A.; Stelter, M.; Richter, A.: Transient CFD Calculation of Accretion Formation in a Copper Waste Heat Boiler. Metal Mater Trans B (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-022-02639-7
- Blenau, L.; Wexler, M.; Mahl, J.; Baumann, W.; Stapf, D.; Charitos A.: Utilization of Carbon Fibers (CF) as an Alternative Reduction Agent for Slag Valorisation Processes (extended abstract). Proceedings of the 61st conference of metallurgists (COM 2022), Montreal, Canada. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-17425-4_23
- Meiner, K.; Weigelt, A.; Charitos, A.; Stelter, M.; Wrobel, M.; Hammerschmidt J.: Alkaline sulfide leaching and partial roasting for treatment of As-rich concentrates. World of Metallurgy - ERZMETALL (2022).
- Hopf, J.; Weigelt, A.; Bombach, H.; Charitos, A.; Stelter M.: Investigations on the Leaching of Raw Silver Granules with Methanesulfonic Acid (MSA). World of Metallurgy - ERZMETALL (2022)
- Pätzold, O.; Dadzis, K.; Kirmse, C.; Weik, D; Büttner, L.; Czarske, J.; Charitos, A.: Model experiments for melt flow in Czochralski growth of silicon. Journal of Crystal Growth (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2022.126656
- Voigt, C.; Schramm, A.; Fankhänel, B.; Schmid, E.; Malczyk, P.; Hubálková, J.; Stelter, M.; Charitos, A.; Aneziris, C.G.: Preparation of Ceramic Foam Filters With a Lithium-Containing Surface. Metal Mater Trans B (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-022-02533-2
- Kandalam, A.; Stelter, M.; Reinmöller, M.; Reuter, M.A.; Charitos, A.: Determining the Bubble Dynamics of a Top Submerged Lance. In: REWAS 2022: Developing Tomorrow's Technical Cycles (Volume I). The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series (2022) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92563-5_57
2021
- Blenau, L.; Stelter, M.; Charitos, A.: Carbothermic Reduction of Fayalitic Slag with Graphite - Understanding Reaction Kinetics for Pig Iron Production, Proceedings of the 7th Slag Valorisation Symposium (SVS 2021), online.
Hopf, J.; Weigelt A.; Bombach, H.; Stelter, M.; Charitos, A.: Refining of Precious Metal Bearing Materials from Secondary Sources-Methanesulfonic Acid Leaching of Raw Silver Granules as a Promising Approach towards a Green Way of Silver Refining, Materials (2021) https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14206095 - Fankhänel, B.; Hubálková, J.; Aneziris, C.G.; Stelter, M.; Charitos, A.: Influencing the hydrogen porosity in aluminium casting by (re)active filter materials, Adv. Eng. Mater, (2021). https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202100579
- Becker, H.; Fankhänel, B.; Voigt, C.; Charitos, A.; Stelter, M.; Aneziris, C.G.; Leineweber, A.: Interaction of Fe-containing, secondary Al-Si alloy with oxide and carbon-containing ceramics for Fe removal, Adv. Eng. Mater. (2021).
https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202100595 - Hopf, J.; Weigelt, A.; Bombach, H.; Charitos, A.; Stelter, M.: Investigations on the leaching of raw silver granules with methanesulfonic acid (MSA). Proceedings of the European Metallurgical Conference 2021 (EMC 2021), online.
- Kandalam, A.; Stelter, M.; Reinmöller, M.; Reuter, M.A.; Charitos A.: Novel methods to determine the bubble dynamics of a Top Submerged Lance (TSL) smelter. Proceedings of the European Metallurgical Conference 2021 (EMC 2021), online.
- Sandig-Predzymirska, L.; Barreiros, T. V.; Thiere, A.; Weigelt, A.; Vogt, D.; Stelter, M.; Charitos, A.: Recycling strategy for the extraction of PGMs from spent PEM electrodes. Proceedings of the European Metallurgical Conference 2021 (EMC 2021), online.
- Meiner, K.; Weigelt, A.; Charitos, A.; Stelter, M.; Schimpf, C.; Wrobel, M.; Förster, K.; Hammerschmidt, J.; Parra R.: Alkaline sulfide leaching and partial roasting for treatment of As-rich concentrates. Proceedings of the European Metallurgical Conference 2021 (EMC 2021), online.
2020
- Voigt, C.; Hubálková, J.; Zienert, T.; Fankhänel, B.; Stelter, M.; Charitos, A.; Aneziris C.G.: Aluminum melt filtration with carbon bonded alumina filters, Materials (2020) https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13183962
- Fankhänel, B.; Stelter, M.; Charitos, A.: Multi-functional filters for metal melt filtration - aluminium, World of Metallurgy - ERZMETALL (2020).
Schramm, A; Fankhänel, B.; Rudolph, M.; Rafaja, D.; Charitos, A.: DE 102020006167.2: Coatings and ceramic filters for metal melt filtration (patent application, filed: 07.10.2020) - Aneziris, C.; Volkova, O; Charitos A.: DE 102020005130.8: Low-carbon and carbon-free electrode-honeycomb material composites for use in metallurgy (patent application, filed: 21.08.2020)
Professional affiliation
- Pyrometallurgy Section of the Metallurgy and Materials Society (MetSoc)
Selected member of the section since 2019 - GDMB - Gesselschaft der Metallurgen und Bergleute
Member since 2020 - Presidium since 2023